Monique Macfarlane

Moon Calendar Nov-Dec 2024

Cosmic planting calendar

By Monique Macfarlane

As the weather warms, the garden fills with the beginnings of summer abundance. I am such a fan of fruiting crops such as tomatoes, beans, eggplants, chillies, as they just keep on giving. It is important to ensure you are planting out healthy, well established seedlings, as this will help with transition into the garden, and assist in everything flourishing with ease.

When I first started growing food, I had a very structured approach to all the tasks that needed doing – setting up beds, sowing seeds, growing seedlings, transplanting, plant care, nutrition sprays, mulching, harvesting. The more years I have been with the garden, the more that a new approach has arisen: one that flows with the garden.

Instead of writing a never-ending to-do list, once I arrive in the garden, I focus first on the suggested daily task in the calendar, as the cosmic power is in alignment with it, and then I leave the rest of the time open, to tend to what needs doing as I witness it.

Timeliness is always key. When we do the job that needs doing as soon as we see it, or have an internal prompt to check in on it, I find it is far more efficient. As soon as I notice that the tomato laterals need to be pinched, it’s a quick and easy job, whereas if I add it to the to-do list – they are a forest by the time I get back to it!

Changing the approach to being with the garden in this way, following the cues of the entire ecosystem, allows us greater connection to ourselves, as well as everything that surrounds us.

A worthy gift this season, and beyond.

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Monique Macfarlane is a holistic food systems facilitator, teaching biodynamics, planting by the moon, no-dig food growing and self-sufficiency. See www.natural-wisdom.net 

Monique co-creates with organic, biodynamic, regenerative, no-till, and natural principles on eight hectares in Waihi that includes a small market garden, orchard, pastoral grazing, chickens and agroforestry.

Steve Erickson, second from right, and group in pasture

Creating on-farm fertility

By Jenny Lux

Chaos Springs at Waihi run regular workshops about soil health, composting, and creating on-farm fertility. Jenny Lux reports on a recent workshop.  

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Chaos Springs workshops 

I have been an avid follower of Chaos Springs since I first went there in 2014 on a field trip as a student doing an evening class in Level 3 organic primary production. Recently I did a cheeky entry into one of their competitions for a free place in a workshop and I won!

So on a sunny spring Friday in October I attended the Creating On-Farm Fertility workshop taught by Steve and Jenny Erickson. This proved to be equally useful and stimulating to me, a market gardener, as it was to the many pastoral farmers, orchardists and general public attending, who all had a common interest in living off the land in some way.

ABOVE: Jenny Erickson (left) and Steve Erickson by the vege garden, looking at the health and quality of the soil. Behind Jenny is a huge lemon verbena.

The biological engine

It all comes back to what Steve calls the ‘biological engine’ and getting that really humming. It’s an analogy that suits a mechanic like Steve, who is the man behind the innovative Cyclone multi-task sprayer. This machine allows you to combine compost, minerals and fertilisers in a liquid format for a single application onto land, and can handle particles up to 15mm – an amazing tool!

The day began with a couple hours of lectures, and a sumptuous morning tea, followed by a BYO packed lunch and a farm tour. We started looking at the plant extract facility, then onto the commercial composting area (with a demo of the Cyclone), and a walk through some paddocks to dig holes and observe soil structure and visible biological activity. We finished at Jenny’s biodynamic home garden, where you could see and also feel the energy of plants growing in balance.

This Chaos Springs workshop attracted a lot of practitioners with many years of knowledge, so there was a really rich exchange of ideas and advice. My only criticism was that it didn’t really seem long enough!

If you are managing any piece of land, I would highly recommend attending one of the Chaos Springs workshops. There is an on-farm composting workshop coming up on 29 November.

https://www.chaossprings.co.nz/events

Jenny Lux, immediate past co-chair of Soil & Health, is an organic market gardener at Rotorua.


ABOVE: Jenny Erickson with her ashwagandha plant inside her glasshouse.
ABOVE: Steve Erickson of Chaos Springs (second from right) speaks of his journey in pasture management over the last 22 years, from a fairly degraded base of ragwort-infested conventional dairy pasture on clay, to a currently thriving mixed sward on a darker clay-loam that provides optimal nutrition for his animals and is maintained only twice a year with a biological liquid spray, all made on farm.

Spring into Kōanga!

By Tanya Batt

Tanya Batt shares the story of Spring into Kōanga, a seasonal celebration on Waiheke Island. It’s one of the Kai for Community projects run by the Once Upon an Island Charitable Trust These projects focus on reconnecting with true seasonal celebrations and the stories and traditions around growing, harvesting and sharing food in the Waiheke community.  

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Egg time! 

It’s egg time. Many people often fail to make the connection between eggs, Easter and spring – kōanga. Probably because we celebrate Easter (a northern spring festival) in Australia and New Zealand in autumn.

However if you are lucky enough to have the company of a few chickens, that connection will come as no surprise to you. At this time of year you can be sure of an egg for breakfast. But for many of us, eggs (if you eat them) come from shops and shops always have eggs regardless of the season.

When we lose the connection between our seasons and celebrations, a vacuum is created and celebrations become superficial. Instead of connecting us to our environment, they become focused on what we can buy and how things look, and reverence is often diminished or lost. Upcoming spring Halloween celebrations demonstrate this perfectly.

ABOVE: Laying the tāpapa beds, Piritahi Marae, Waiheke Island, September 2024

September: Laying the tāpapa beds 

Here on Waiheke, we’re seasonally celebrating with Spring into Kōanga – a story in two parts.

The first part took place during September with the return of the pīpīwharauroa (shining cuckoo), in the māra of the Island’s Piritahi Marae, with the laying of the tāpapa beds from which will grow the tipu of the kūmara. These tipu (shoots or slips) will then be sown later in October or early November.

The September event was led by whaea Maikara Ropata, and kaumatua Eugene Behan-Kitto, a master kūmara grower who learnt his growing skills from the late Kato Kauwhata (Ngāpuhi), kaumata and inaugural chairperson of Piritahi Marae. The hope is to grow enough tipu this kōanga, for both the marae māra and other community garden groups, and activate island wide uptake of growing kūmara.

Growing stories and kākano (seed) for the hue (gourd) were also shared in an informal kōrero about this treasured plant – another early arrival bought by the tipuna of tangata Māori. When young, the fruit of this plant can be eaten but as a dried mature fruit it was used a storage vessel, musical instrument and taonga. The day finished with a kōrero given by Mike Smith, a climate activist who has recently won the right to take several large companies in New Zealand to court for failure to curtail their carbon emissions.

Kūmara was the first cultivated crop grown in Aotearoa. Its legacy as a primary food source of the people of this country stretches back several hundred years. The māra kūmara falls under the domain of Rongo-mā-Tāne, the atua of cultivated food and of peace.

October: Pumpkins, corn, tomatoes and more 

Our second event was held on the grounds of another of our community gardens – the Surfdale food forest – on 20 October. The programme included a talk about growing tomatoes with one of our green-fingered gurus, Eddie Welsh, seasonal kai ideas from the Waiheke Home Grown Trust, a spring posy competition, egg decorating and plant giveaways for the summer garden.

The focus was on two plants in particular: pumpkins and corn. Both plants originate from the Americas, their cultivation extending back thousands of years.

There are lots of traditions and stories associated with corn. In Europe, a ‘corn mother’ or ‘the old woman’ or ‘corn dolly’ was made out of corn (though corn was a generic word used for grain). The corn dollies were kept in the barn to protect the crops during winter, and then ploughed into the ground come spring to ensure a good harvest.

This tradition resonates strongly with another story of corn, which is told by a number of North American First Nations people from the eastern and south-western areas, where from the first mother’s body grew the first maize plants.

Attendees were given free pumpkin seedlings and corn seed, accompanied by a story and a song and were encouraged to bring their harvests to the Autumn Kai for Community Waiheke Food Festival in April 2025. The pumpkin seedlings were germinated by the students of the Waiheke Primary School’s Garden to Table programme. This programme was also the source of the pink popping corn seed that will be distributed for growing over summer, again culminating in a island-wide ‘pop-a-thon’ in autumn.

A primary focus of the Kai for Community programme is to excite and support families to grow food at home, fostering the green hearts and fingers of young children. Both Spring into Kōanga events have been generously supported by the Waiheke Local Board and are part of the Waiheke Island Climate Action plan.

The relationship we have with the land we live on, the food we grow and eat and each other are the cornerstones of wellbeing. Celebrating our seasons brings these three important things together and helps create healthy and happy hapori (communities).


Tanya Batt is a word warbler and seed sower living on Waiheke Island. Her two passions – storytelling and gardening – have found a happy union in the work she does as a storytelling gardener at a local school and through her role as creative director of the Once Upon an Island Charitable Trust’s Kai for Community (KFC) projects.

www.imagined-worlds.net

ABOVE: Tanya Batt with Chinese cabbage

Steamed eggplant with spicy sauce drizzle

By Connie Cao 


This is an extremely simple dish that’s packed full of flavour. It’s great to cook during peak eggplant (aubergine) season in the garden.

Images and text from Your Asian Veggie Patch by Connie Cao, photography by Connie Cao. Murdoch Books RRP $45.00.

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Serves 3–4

Ingredients 

  • 400 g (14 oz) eggplant (aubergine) (a slim variety works best)
  • 1 spring onion (scallion), to garnish
FOR THE SAUCE
  • 2 garlic cloves
  • 2 teaspoons vegetable oil
  • 2 teaspoons sesame oil
  • 2 teaspoons white or black vinegar
  • 1½ tablespoons light soy sauce
  • 1 teaspoon chilli oil (see below or page 135 of the book)
  • 1 teaspoon finely chopped ginger
  • 1 teaspoon sugar

Method

  1. Cut off the ends of the eggplant, and then slice the eggplant into long halves or quarters.
  2. Finely chop the spring onion and garlic cloves.
  3. Place the eggplant into a steamer, and cook for 15 minutes or until tender.
  4. While the eggplant is steaming, mix the sauce ingredients together in a small bowl.
  5. Once the eggplant is ready, drain any excess water.
  6. Transfer the eggplant to a plate, drizzle the sauce on top and garnish with spring onion. Serve hot.

Homemade chilli oil

Makes 130 ml (4½ fl oz)

  • 200 g (7 oz) fresh chillies
  • 3 garlic cloves
  • ½ cup (125 ml) vegetable oil (or other neutral oil with a high smoke point)
  • Spices for flavouring (optional)
  • 1 cinnamon stick
  • 1 star anise
  • 1 bay leaf
  • 2 teaspoons Sichuan peppercorns
  • 2 teaspoons sesame seeds

Method

  1. Slice the chillies into small pieces, and dehydrate using the instructions in the Storing section [page 134 of the book].
  2. Once dried, break the chilli pieces into flakes using a mortar and pestle or spice grinder, and place them into a ceramic mug or bowl.
  3. Slice the garlic cloves.
  4. Heat the vegetable oil in a saucepan over low heat until it slowly starts to bubble.
  5. Add the garlic and your choice of spices (if using), and allow them to infuse for 5–7 minutes while the oil continues to slowly bubble away. Remove from the heat once the garlic has started to brown.
  6. Allow the oil to cool for a few seconds, then slowly pour it through a strainer and onto the chilli flakes, removing the garlic and spices in the process. Take care, as the chilli flakes will start to sizzle and pop.
  7. Gently stir to mix everything together, and set aside to cool.
  8. Once the chilli oil is cool, pour it into the jar. Place the lid on the jar, and allow the chillies to infuse the oil in the fridge for 2–3 days. Use within 3–4 weeks.
Book cover image: Connie Cao, Melbourne permaculture gardener, homesteader, photographer and digital content creator, in her backyard harvesting long beans (also called asparagus beans, Chinese long beans, snake beans, yard beans, yard long beans)

Moon Calendar October 2024

Cosmic planting calendar

By Monique Macfarlane

As the weather warms, days get longer, the garden flourishes in new ways – as do we. In many warmer parts of the country, Labour weekend is traditionally when we get summer crop seedlings such as tomatoes, zucchini and cucumbers
into the garden.

Timing is everything. I urge you to witness. Spend more time in your garden, watching, waiting, connecting this month. Sit with your environment: it is speaking to you.

Although we have these ‘days’ such as Labour weekend, or what is suggested in the calendar with the moon and planetary placements earlier in the month this year… It will be the tohu, or signs in your garden, which are the best teachers and informants on when to plant.

It is a skill to learn this, to know this. If you are new to the journey, that is OK. It will unfold over time with your commitment, enthusiasm, and inquiry. Although I have been playing with this for many seasons, I too am still learning to listen to the deeper aspects.

While you are waiting to get new crops into the garden, ensure you acclimatise them to where they are going. Whether you have purchased them as seedlings, swapped with friends, or grown from seed, slowly expose them to different weather conditions to ensure a smooth transition into the garden. Seaweed tonics, worm juice and fish emulsion help with the nutrition too through this stage.

Enjoy the excitement – enjoy the process. It is one of the most beautiful gifts to garden, to nourish the soil, ourselves and our communities.

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Monique Macfarlane is a holistic food systems facilitator, teaching biodynamics, planting by the moon, no-dig food growing and self-sufficiency. See www.natural-wisdom.net 

Monique co-creates with organic, biodynamic, regenerative, no-till, and natural principles on eight hectares in Waihi that includes a small market garden, orchard, pastoral grazing, chickens and agroforestry.

Asparagus & Lemon Walnut Crumble 

Recipe by Margo Flanagan and Rosa Power
Photography by Margo Flanagan and Susannah Blatchford  

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NOTE: page numbers in this article refer to pages in the book Two Raw Sisters: More Salad (from which this is an excerpt).

Feeds: 6  | Time: 10 minutes 

Ingredients 

  • 2 tablespoons cooking oil  
  • 2 bunches asparagus spears, ends snapped off  
  • ½ teaspoon sea salt  
  • Lemon Walnut Crumble  
  • 1 tablespoon cooking oil  
  • ¾ cup walnuts, roasted and chopped  
  • 2 garlic cloves, crushed and finely chopped  
  • ½ teaspoon sea salt  
  • ½ lemon, zest and juice  

Method 

  1. Preheat the oven to 200°C (400°F).  
  1. Heat the cooking oil in a frypan. When it’s hot, add the asparagus and salt. Cook for 2 minutes, give it a toss, then cook for another 1–2 minutes. Once the asparagus is cooked but still has a bite to it, transfer it to a plate.  
  1. Using the same frypan, add the cooking oil, walnuts, garlic and salt. Cook, stirring frequently (being careful not to let them burn) until golden brown (about 3 minutes). Add the lemon zest and juice and cook for another 1–2 minutes, stirring frequently. Remove the pan from the heat.  
  1. To serve, top the asparagus with a generous portion of the walnut crumble.  
  1. This is best eaten straight away.

SWAP  

Walnuts for any nut or seed you have in the pantry. We love using pumpkin seeds or almonds. The walnut crumble can be served atop any other vegetable when asparagus is not in season. Refer to Swap with the Seasons (page 12). 

TIP  

The asparagus season is short, so make use of the woody asparagus ends that otherwise would be thrown in the compost. Freeze them to use in future soups or vegetable stocks. 

DELICIOUS WITH  

Herby Quinoa + Halloumi (page 36) and prawns, white fish or chicken. 


Extracted from More Salad by the Two Raw Sisters. Photography © Food: Margo Flanagan and Lifestyle: Susannah Blatchford. RRP$49.99. Out 10 September 2024. Published by Allen & Unwin NZ.  

What is Syntropic Agroforestry?

Story and photos by Andy Jeffs  

I have been exploring syntropic agroforestry over the past three years, and in this article I’ve outlined the foundational concepts.  

My practical application and experiences of syntropic agroforestry are limited but there is a lot of information available, and some great practitioners up and down the country offering workshops and courses. 

Natural succession | Illustration adapted from Syntropic Farming Guidebook by Roger Gietzen 

  

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Andy Jeffs lives with his wife Erica in Hawke’s Bay. He manages a BioGro certified organic blueberry orchard at True Earth. He enjoys growing food at home using principles that regenerate the earth. 

When Micromanaging is Good 

Microbes are a big name in organic agriculture – in fact, they are the reason for everything. I’m not exaggerating here: the first life forms thought to have existed were – you guessed it – of such tiny proportions that you and I would have thought nothing of them.  Story and photos by Paige Murray. 


Paige Murray

I’m sure you know the basics, but to be clear, ‘microbe’ is the broad term to describe organisms of microscopic size – too small for us humans to see, thus we give them far less credit than they deserve. In this case, I’m referring to the microbes colonising our soils and helping our plants to grow big, strong and healthy. Microbes are like colostrum for babies: without them, our plants would be sickly, weak and lacking a whole heap of important nutrients.

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Paige lives in a tiny house on the outskirts of Lincoln, and loves to get her hands dirty in all ways homesteading. A childhood of growing up on and around farms was the perfect way to understand that agriculture got us, as a human race, to where we are today… and it will shape who we become tomorrow. 

The past five years saw Paige working on an organic market garden. It was here that she learnt (in spite of what all her agricultural science lecturers told her) that organics can be economically viable, and is a pretty good way to grow and produce alongside nature, rather than fighting her. 

Fat Hen & Cashew Cheese Tart

Recipe by Heidi Merika  

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A commonly foraged vegetable throughout the world, fat hen is a good source of protein, fibre, calcium, magnesium, potassium, vitamin C, vitamin A and trace elements, making this vegan tart — which uses both the seeds and leaves of the plant — highly nutritious. It is a lovely light lunch or dinner option, and smaller individual tarts are great in lunchboxes or to take on picnics. Add any savoury toppings you fancy. Some options are suggested below, but feel free to choose your own. 

SERVES 8  | 1 HOUR | GF 

Ingredients 

  • 1 large handful of fresh fat hen leaves 
DOUGH
  • ¼ cup (20 g) fat hen seeds  
  • 1 cup (100 g) almond meal  
  • 2 tablespoons coconut oil  
  • 1 tablespoon psyllium husk  
  • 1 tablespoon water 
CASHEW CHEESE  
  • 2 cups (310 g) raw cashews, soaked in cold water for 30 minutes  
  • 1 garlic clove, crushed  
  • 1 tablespoon nutritional yeast  
  • 1 tablespoon apple cider vinegar  
  • ½ teaspoon salt  
  • ½ teaspoon black pepper 
POSSIBLE TOPPINGS 
  • fresh fat hen leaves (blanched)  
  • roasted zucchini (courgette)  
  • roasted capsicum (pepper)  
  • sautéed mushrooms  
  • sliced tomato  
  • pitted olives  
  • capers, vegan feta, fresh herbs 

Method

  1. Preheat the oven to 160°C (315°F).
  2. Blanch the fat hen leaves by placing them in a heatproof bowl and pouring boiling water over them, then straining them immediately, pressing the water out of them. Set aside.  
  3. Place all the dough ingredients in a food processor and blend until they form a dough that pulls away from the sides. (You can also mix them together by hand if you don’t have a food processor.) The dough should stick together.  
  4. Press the dough into a loose-based flan (tart tin), or a shallow tray lined with baking paper. Blind-bake the dough for 15 minutes, then remove from the oven and leave to cool.  
  5. Turn the oven up to 180°C (350°F). Using a food processor, blend all the cashew cheese ingredients to a paste, adding a tablespoon of water if the mixture is too dry.  
  6. Pour or spoon the cashew cheese over the cooled tart base. Arrange the blanched fat hen leaves over the tart, then add your choice of toppings.  
  7. Bake for a further 20 minutes, until the crust is golden. Remove from the oven and leave to cool in the tin for 30 minutes, before cutting into eight slices for serving. The tart will keep in an airtight container in the fridge for 3–5 days. 

Images and text from p.178 of From the Wild by Heidi Merika, photography by Cath Muscat.
Murdoch Books RRP $55.00.  

Monique Macfarlane

Moon Calendar September 2024

Cosmic planting calendar

By Monique Macfarlane

There are many different reference points for starting or continuing your journey with the relationship of your garden or farm within the cosmos. Here, we utilise aspects of the Biodynamic Farming & Gardening Calendar 2024-2025, to assist us when knowing when the most favourable times are for our endeavours.

This particular calendar divides crops into four categories – root, leaf, flower and fruit – based on the part of the plant you are wishing to cultivate for the most part. So if you are planning on sowing root crops – carrots, beetroot, radish – then you look for a root day in the calendar, weather and soil conditions permitting.

We also utilise the ascending and descending periods – this is the path of the moon across the sky (as opposed to waxing and waning which is the illumination of the moon). Typically, in ascending periods (when the moon’s path is a higher arc) we sow seeds, and in descending periods (a lower arc) we transplant seedlings, do soil work, as well as make compost.

The suggested seasonal tasks on the following page are a wonderful starting point for investigation, as each farm, property or garden is a unique organism. Take notes, pay attention to the entirety of the ecosystem. Notice when certain birds are arriving, when trees are flowering, when the winds blow from a certain direction. Nature is always speaking to us, listen to her wisdom. Begin to craft your own journey with the cosmos through the process of these pages, and your own unique observations.

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Monique Macfarlane is a holistic food systems facilitator, teaching biodynamics, planting by the moon, no-dig food growing and self-sufficiency. See www.natural-wisdom.net 

Monique co-creates with organic, biodynamic, regenerative, no-till, and natural principles on eight hectares in Waihi that includes a small market garden, orchard, pastoral grazing, chickens and agroforestry.